In 2009, the Government had comprehensively revised the National Policy on Urban Street Vendors (2004). The revised National Policy on Urban Street Vendors, 2009 aims at fostering a congenial environment for the urban street vendors to carry out their activities witho…

The National Policy for Older Persons (NPOP) was announced in 1999 to reaffirm the commitment to ensure the well-being of the older persons. The policy envisages State support to ensure financial and food security, health care, shelter and other needs of older persons,…

A draft National Health Research Policy was formulated in 2011. Its vision is to maximise the returns on investments in health research through creation of a health research system to prioritise, coordinate, facilitate conduct of effective and ethical health research a…

A National Policy on Disaster Management (NPDM) was adopted in 2009. The objectives of the policy are as follows: Promoting a culture of prevention, preparedness and resilience at all levels through knowledge, innovation and education. Encouraging mitigation measures …

A National Policy for the Empowerment of Women was adopted in 2001. The goal of the policy is to bring about the advancement, development and empowerment of women. Specifically, the objectives of the policy include: Creating an environment through positive economic and…

A National Policy on Resettlement and Rehabilitation was notified in 2004. This policy laid down immediate provisions for resettlement and rehabilitation of affected families and the States, public sector undertakings or public bodies were free to offer better packages…

A National Policy on Voluntary Organisations (VOs) was announced in 2007. It aims to further strengthen, promote and develop such institutions. As per this policy, by ‘VOs’ are meant organisations engaged in public service, based on ethical, cultural, social, economic…

Consumer Protection Act (1986): The Consumer Protection Act was enacted in 1986 with the objective of providing better protection of consumers’ interests. The Act provides for effective safeguards to consumers against various types of exploitation and unfair dealings. …

Constitutional Rights: The mandate of the Constitution is to ensure equality, freedom, justice and dignity of all individuals including the victims of drug abuse. Article 47 of Part IV (Directive Principles of State Policy) is particularly relevant with regard to the v…

The mandate of the Constitution is to ensure equality, freedom, justice and dignity of all individuals including older persons (or senior citizens). Article 41 of Part IV (Directive Principles of State Policy) is particularly relevant with regard to older persons. It …

Constitutional Rights: The mandate of the Constitution is to ensure equality, freedom, justice and dignity of all individuals, which implies an inclusive society for all, especially the disadvantaged. Article 41 is particularly relevant with regard to disabled persons.…

Constitutional Rights: The Constitution refers to two types of minorities, namely, religious minorities and linguistic minorities. However, the term ‘minority’ has not been defined anywhere in the Constitution. In 1993, the Central Government notified five communities,…

Constitutional Rights: The rights and safeguards embodied in the constitution for the backward classes (BCs) are mentioned below: The State is permitted to make any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens (A…

Constitutional Rights: The Constitution contains various provisions which provide for several rights and safeguards for the scheduled castes (SCs) and the scheduled tribes (STs). While most of these provisions are common to both SCs and STs, some are exclusively meant…

The rights available to children can be classified into two categories, namely, constitutional rights and legal rights. Constitutional Rights: The constitutional rights and safeguards provided to children are mentioned below. The state is empowered to make any special …

The rights available to woman can be classified into two categories, namely, constitutional rights and legal rights. The constitutional rights are those which are provided in the various provisions of the constitution. The legal rights, on the other hand, are those whi…

The constitution of India has a rich content of human rights. The preamble, the Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy reflect the principles and provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights(1948) . The four ideas of the preamble are ai…

Human rights are those rights are entitled merely by virtue of being humans. They are inalienable and inviolable rights of all human beings. They derive from the inherent dignity of human beings. They are essential for human survival and human development. Universal De…